Source code for gammapy.irf.psf.kernel

# Licensed under a 3-clause BSD style license - see LICENSE.rst
import html
import numpy as np
import astropy.units as u
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from gammapy.maps import Map
from gammapy.modeling.models import PowerLawSpectralModel

__all__ = ["PSFKernel"]


[docs]class PSFKernel: """PSF kernel for `~gammapy.maps.Map`. This is a container class to store a PSF kernel that can be used to convolve `~gammapy.maps.WcsNDMap` objects. It is usually computed from an `~gammapy.irf.PSFMap`. Parameters ---------- psf_kernel_map : `~gammapy.maps.Map` PSF kernel stored in a Map. Examples -------- :: from gammapy.maps import Map, WcsGeom, MapAxis from gammapy.irf import PSFMap from astropy import units as u # Define energy axis energy_axis_true = MapAxis.from_energy_bounds( "0.1 TeV", "10 TeV", nbin=4, name="energy_true ) # Create WcsGeom and map geom = WcsGeom.create(binsz=0.02 * u.deg, width=2.0 * u.deg, axes=[energy_axis_true]) some_map = Map.from_geom(geom) # Fill map at three positions some_map.fill_by_coord([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0.3, 1, 3]]) psf = PSFMap.from_gauss( energy_axis_true=energy_axis_true, sigma=[0.3, 0.2, 0.1] * u.deg ) kernel = psf.get_psf_kernel(geom=geom, max_radius=1*u.deg) # Do the convolution some_map_convolved = some_map.convolve(kernel) some_map_convolved.plot_grid(); """ def __init__(self, psf_kernel_map, normalize=True): self._psf_kernel_map = psf_kernel_map if normalize: self.normalize() def _repr_html_(self): try: return self.to_html() except AttributeError: return f"<pre>{html.escape(str(self))}</pre>"
[docs] def normalize(self): """Force normalisation of the kernel.""" data = self.psf_kernel_map.data if self.psf_kernel_map.geom.is_image: axis = (0, 1) else: axis = (1, 2) with np.errstate(divide="ignore", invalid="ignore"): data = np.nan_to_num(data / data.sum(axis=axis, keepdims=True)) self.psf_kernel_map.data = data
@property def data(self): """Access the PSFKernel numpy array.""" return self._psf_kernel_map.data @property def psf_kernel_map(self): """The map object holding the kernel as a `~gammapy.maps.Map`.""" return self._psf_kernel_map
[docs] @classmethod def read(cls, *args, **kwargs): """Read kernel Map from file.""" psf_kernel_map = Map.read(*args, **kwargs) return cls(psf_kernel_map)
[docs] @classmethod def from_spatial_model(cls, model, geom, max_radius=None, factor=4): """Create PSF kernel from spatial model. Parameters ---------- geom : `~gammapy.maps.WcsGeom` Map geometry. model : `~gammapy.modeling.models.SpatiaModel` Gaussian width. max_radius : `~astropy.coordinates.Angle`, optional Desired kernel map size. Default is None. factor : int, optional Oversample factor to compute the PSF. Default is 4. Returns ------- kernel : `~gammapy.irf.PSFKernel` The kernel Map with reduced geometry according to the max_radius. """ if max_radius is None: max_radius = model.evaluation_radius geom = geom.to_odd_npix(max_radius=max_radius) model.position = geom.center_skydir geom = geom.upsample(factor=factor) map = model.integrate_geom(geom, oversampling_factor=1) return cls(psf_kernel_map=map.downsample(factor=factor))
[docs] @classmethod def from_gauss(cls, geom, sigma, max_radius=None, factor=4): """Create Gaussian PSF. This is used for testing and examples. The map geometry parameters (pixel size, energy bins) are taken from ``geom``. The Gaussian width ``sigma`` is a scalar. TODO : support array input if it should vary along the energy axis. Parameters ---------- geom : `~gammapy.maps.WcsGeom` Map geometry. sigma : `~astropy.coordinates.Angle` Gaussian width. max_radius : `~astropy.coordinates.Angle`, optional Desired kernel map size. Default is None. factor : int, optional Oversample factor to compute the PSF. Default is 4. Returns ------- kernel : `~gammapy.irf.PSFKernel` The kernel Map with reduced geometry according to the max_radius. """ from gammapy.modeling.models import GaussianSpatialModel gauss = GaussianSpatialModel(sigma=sigma) return cls.from_spatial_model( model=gauss, geom=geom, max_radius=max_radius, factor=factor )
[docs] def write(self, *args, **kwargs): """Write the Map object which contains the PSF kernel to file.""" self.psf_kernel_map.write(*args, **kwargs)
[docs] def to_image(self, spectrum=None, exposure=None, keepdims=True): """Transform 3D PSFKernel into a 2D PSFKernel. Parameters ---------- spectrum : `~gammapy.modeling.models.SpectralModel`, optional Spectral model to compute the weights. Default is power-law with spectral index of 2. exposure : `~astropy.units.Quantity` or `~numpy.ndarray`, optional 1D array containing exposure in each true energy bin. It must have the same size as the PSFKernel energy axis. Default is uniform exposure over energy. keepdims : bool, optional If true, the resulting PSFKernel will keep an energy axis with one bin. Default is True. Returns ------- weighted_kernel : `~gammapy.irf.PSFKernel` The weighted kernel summed over energy. """ map = self.psf_kernel_map if spectrum is None: spectrum = PowerLawSpectralModel(index=2.0) if exposure is None: exposure = np.ones(map.geom.axes[0].center.shape) exposure = u.Quantity(exposure) if exposure.shape != map.geom.axes[0].center.shape: raise ValueError("Incorrect exposure_array shape") # Compute weights vector for name in map.geom.axes.names: if "energy" in name: energy_name = name energy_edges = map.geom.axes[energy_name].edges weights = spectrum.integral( energy_min=energy_edges[:-1], energy_max=energy_edges[1:], intervals=True ) weights *= exposure weights /= weights.sum() spectrum_weighted_kernel = map.copy() spectrum_weighted_kernel.quantity *= weights[:, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] return self.__class__(spectrum_weighted_kernel.sum_over_axes(keepdims=keepdims))
[docs] def slice_by_idx(self, slices): """Slice by index.""" kernel = self.psf_kernel_map.slice_by_idx(slices=slices) return self.__class__(psf_kernel_map=kernel)
[docs] def plot_kernel(self, ax=None, energy=None, add_cbar=False, **kwargs): """Plot PSF kernel. Parameters ---------- ax : `~matplotlib.axes.Axes`, optional Matplotlib axes. Default is None. energy : `~astropy.units.Quantity`, optional If None, the PSF kernel is summed over the energy axis. Otherwise, the kernel corresponding to the energy bin including the given energy is shown. add_cbar : bool, optional Add a colorbar. Default is False. kwargs: dict Keyword arguments passed to `~matplotlib.axes.Axes.imshow`. Returns ------- ax : `~matplotlib.axes.Axes` Matplotlib axes. """ ax = plt.gca() if ax is None else ax if energy is not None: kernel_map = self.psf_kernel_map energy_center = kernel_map.geom.axes["energy_true"].center.to(energy.unit) idx = np.argmin(np.abs(energy_center.value - energy.value)) kernel_map.get_image_by_idx([idx]).plot(ax=ax, add_cbar=add_cbar, **kwargs) else: self.to_image().psf_kernel_map.plot(ax=ax, add_cbar=add_cbar, **kwargs) return ax
[docs] def peek(self, figsize=(15, 5)): """Quick-look summary plots. Parameters ---------- figsize : tuple, optional Size of the figure. Default is (15, 5). """ fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=1, ncols=2, figsize=figsize) axes[0].set_title("Energy-integrated PSF kernel") self.plot_kernel(ax=axes[0], add_cbar=True) axes[1].set_title("PSF kernel at 1 TeV") self.plot_kernel(ax=axes[1], add_cbar=True, energy=1 * u.TeV) plt.tight_layout()